Deleterious consequences of the management of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) with invasive ventilation have\nled to more in-depth investigation of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) modalities. NIV has significantly and positively\naltered the treatment outcomes and improved mortality rates of preterm infants with RDS. Among the different NIV\nmodes, nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) has shown considerable benefits compared to nasal\ncontinuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP). Despite reports of heated humidified high-flow nasal cannulaâ??s\n(HHHFNC) non-inferiority compared to NCPAP, some trials have been terminated due to high treatment failure rates\nwith HHHFNC use. Moreover, RDS management with the combination of INSURE (INtubation SURfactant\nExtubation) technique and NIV ensures higher success rates. This review elaborates on the currently used various\nmodes of NIV and novel techniques are also briefly discussed.
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